Inducible defenses in prey intensify predator cannibalism
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Inducible defenses in prey intensify predator cannibalism.
Trophic cascades are often a potent force in ecological communities, but abiotic and biotic heterogeneity can diffuse their influence. For example, inducible defenses in many species create variation in prey edibility, and size-structured interactions, such as cannibalism, can shift predator diets away from heterospecific prey. Although both factors diffuse cascade strength by adding heterogene...
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The dynamics of a predator-prey system, where the predator has two stages, a juvenile stage and a mature stage, are modelled by a system of three ordinary differential equations. The mature predators prey on the juvenile predators in addition to the prey. If the mortality rate of juveniles is low and/or the recruitment rate to the mature population is high, then there is a stable equilibrium wi...
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Cannibalism is ubiquitous in natural communities and has the potential to alter the functional relationship of predator–prey interactions. Although cannibalistic species are frequently subject to predation, the consequences of cannibalism in the prey for predator–prey interactions are poorly understood. Using a dragonfly larvae system, I provide the first experimental evidence that cannibalism ...
متن کاملDensity-dependent effects of prey defenses and predator offenses.
Defenses protect prey, while offenses arm predators. Some defenses and offenses are constitutive (e.g. tortoise shells), while others are phenotypically plastic and not always expressed (e.g. neckteeth in water fleas). All of them are costly and only adaptive at certain prey densities. Here, I analyse such density-dependent effects, applying a functional response model to categorize defenses an...
متن کاملPrey cannibalism alters the dynamics of Holling-Tanner type predator-prey models
Cannibalism, which is the act of killing and at least partial consumption of conspecifics, is ubiquitous in nature. Mathematical models have considered cannibalism in the predator primarily, and show that predator cannibalism in two species ODE models provides a strong stabilizing effect. There is strong ecological evidence that cannibalism exists among prey as well, yet this phenomenon has bee...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Ecology
سال: 2009
ISSN: 0012-9658
DOI: 10.1890/08-2158.1